Harmonic mixers are specialized components used in RF (Radio Frequency) and microwave systems for signal frequency conversion. These mixers play a crucial role in extending the frequency coverage of test and measurement instruments, such as spectrum analysers and signal analysers, by enabling the analysis of signals at higher frequencies. The primary function of harmonic mixers is to multiply the frequency of an incoming RF signal by a harmonic factor, typically an integer multiple, to down convert the signal to a lower, more manageable frequency for analysis. This process allows engineers and researchers to study and measure signals at frequencies that may otherwise be challenging to directly analyse. Key features and applications of harmonic mixers include: Frequency Extension, Signal Analysis, Test & Measurement & Spectrum Analysis